Richard J. Heald CBE predicted 2013 as the year of endoscopic transanal approaches to low rectal cancer.
Professor Heald reviews the anatomical landmarks in MRI related to embryological development and explains the essential steps in rectal cancer procedures, looking for a perfect perimesorrectum dissection.
He discusses the bottom-up revolution, which allows a better preservation of nerves and lateral ligaments and a better dissection this way than usually we do from above.